Hi Adamanteus
Your build is trowing an error:
fatal error LNK1223: invalid or corrupt file: file contains invalid .pdata contributions
It is bloated to 688 KB
My build is 464 KB
It looks like you have built debug version
Throwing messages displays my startup code, by console output - so in IDE, that's not seen (possible to be seen, but I don't know how to determine build under IDE). So, variously you not seen the message and linked file, without correct .pdata - try to build you project under console, that will allow to see assembler abnormal termination message and check it exit code.
Build full release - bloated by 3 icons, but that what is :P
P.S.
That to clear question with startup code, will say that it is simple trick with main in sehhelper.cpp, more detailed explanation of algos could be found
here, so in main.c defines show /Dmain=cmain and call cmain(argc, argv) in try block, so you'll be have from C - C++ program processing exceptions, with system SEH interrupts.